HOW TO PLANTING CASSAVA
Sunday 7 December 2014
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Terms Growth Cassava
climate
To be able to grow up, cassava require 150- 200 mm rainfall at the age of 1-3 months, 250-300 mm at the age of 4-7 months, and 100 to 150 mm in the phase leading up to and during harvest.
Minimum air temperature for the growth of tapioca / cassava around 10 degrees C. When the temperature is below 10 degrees C causes little stunted plant growth, become stunted because the growth rate is less than perfect.
Humidity is optimal for plant cassava / cassava between 60-65%.
Sunlight is needed for the crop cassava / cassava approximately 10 hours / day, especially for fertility leaf and tuber development.
Land preparation
Most suitable land for cassava / cassava is structured soil crusts, loose, not too tough and not too shaft and rich in organic matter. Soil crumb structure has a good air system, nutrients more readily available and easily processed.
The type of soil suitable for growing cassava / cassava is a kind of alluvial latosols, red-yellow podzolic, mediterranean, grumosol and andosols.
The degree of acidity (pH) of land suitable for cultivation of cassava ranged from 4.5 to 8.0 with a pH of 5.8 is ideal. generally land in Indonesia ber low pH (acidic), which ranges from 4,0- 5.5, which is often said to be fairly neutral for the proliferation of cassava plant.
Land Management
preparation:
Soil pH measurements performed using litmus paper, or fluid pH meter and pH tester.
Analyzing the type of soil in the sample or sample of soil that will be planted to determine the availability of nutrients, organic matter content.
Determination of the schedule / time planting closely related to the time of harvest. This needs to be taken into account by assuming the time of planting along with other crops (intercropping), so it can simultaneously produce multiple variations of similar plants.
Growing areas tailored to the needs of each farmer's capital and cassava. Important production volume setting is also taken into account because it is closely related to the current price estimates of harvest and market.
Opening and clearing the land:
Clearing of land at its core is a clearing of all weeds (Plant bully) and plant roots before.
The purpose of clearing land to plant roots growing ease and eliminate the host plants for pests and diseases that allows existing.
Formation Beds:
The pile is built on land currently has 70% of the lasting settlement. Ditches or pelarikan done to facilitate planting according to the desired size.
Formation of beds to facilitate the maintenance of the plant, such as the cleaning of wild plants and healthy development of the plant itself.
Liming:
To raise the pH of the soil, especially on land that is highly acidic / peat, need liming. Type of lime used is Calcite / Kaptan (CaCO3). doses
commonly used is 1 รข € "2.5 tons / hectare. Liming is given at the time of piracy or during the formation of a rough pile is in conjunction with the manure.
preparation Seed
Use of improved varieties that have high yield potential, disukaikonsumen, and according to local growers.
Cassava is derived from the parent plants are quite old (10-12 months).
Cassava should be the normal growth and healthy and uniform.
Has a woody stem and ± 2.5 cm in diameter straight.
Not to grow new shoots.
Planting techniques
Planting should pay attention to the season and rainfall. On dry land / dry, best planting time is the beginning of the rainy season or after planting rice. Spacing is used in monokulturan pattern is 80 x 120 cm.
Before the seeds are planted suggested that seeds soaked with HCS SOT biological fertilizer mixed with water for 3-4 hours. After that planting in the field, it is very good for the growth of seedlings.
How to sharpen the planting is done with the lower end of Cassava cuttings, then plant it deep as 5-10 cm or approximately 1/3 the cuttings buried in the ground. If the land is harsh / severe and watery / humid, cuttings planted alone.
Plant Care
stitching
Do stitching namely by removing and replacing or embroidered. Stitching is done in the morning or late afternoon, when the weather is not too hot.
- Weeding, Weeding aims to dispose of all types of grass / weeds / invasive plant growing around the plant. In one season, a minimum of 2 times dilakuakan weeding. Critical period or period of the plant must be free of weeds is between 5-10 weeks HST (Days After Planting). When plants peengganggu uncontrolled during this critical period, productivity can go down to 75% when compared to conditions without interruption of wild plants / nuisance. Do it by loosening the soil around the plant and thereafter made like bumps. Pembubunan time along with weeding, this can save costs. If the soil around the tree eroded because of rain or because of another, it is necessary to re hoarding.
- Pruning. Pruning should be done kerana shoots each tree must have a minimum of 2 or 3 branches, it is that the trunk of the tree can be used as a seed again the next planting season.
Fertilization
Fertilizing should be done with Manure that has been treated beforehand with PATTERN HCS. If manure from cattle that have not been using HCS SOC, it needs as much as 2 tons per hectare. However, if the dung from cattle that have been using SOC HCS, it needs only 8 quintals per hectare.
Irrigation and Watering
Cassava field conditions from the beginning of planting until the age of 4-5 months HST (Days After Planting) daam always moist, but not too muddy. In dry soil needs watering and irrigation. In the dry season, watering is done by direct flush but this way can damage the mound at the base of the tree, the better is the system with the aim that puddle of water can seep into the ground.
harvest
Characteristics and Harvest
Cassava can be harvested in the lower leaf growth begins to decline. The color of the leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off much. Age harvest cassava plant has reached 6-8 months and 9-12 months Dwarf varieties for varieties in.
How to Harvest
Cassava is harvested by removing the stems and tubers are left was taken with a hoe or fork ground.
post-Harvest
collection
Yields were collected in a strategic location, safe and easy to reach by public transport.
Sorting and Classification
Selection or sorting cassava tubers can actually be done at the time of revocation takes place. But sorting cassava tubers can be done after all the trees removed and stored in a place. Sorting is done to choose a colored bulb clean look of fresh tuber skin and the defect is especially noticeable on the size of the bulbs and black spots / stripes on the tuber flesh.
TERIMA KASIH ATAS KUNJUNGAN SAUDARA
Judul: HOW TO PLANTING CASSAVA
Ditulis oleh Lajuardy Hardian
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